Shot Blasting Machine isused as a mechanical method for the surface treatment by using an abrasive withthe help of a centrifugal wheel at high speed to obtain excellent surface and remove impurities for secondary operations.
Shot blasting is used for the following main purposes:
· It provides a better texture to enhance paintadhesion.
· It increases the coating life of a machine byreducing its maintenance cost.
· For cleaning and preparing the surface beforepainting, coating, metalworking.
· It also used for making non-slipping surfacesand providing surface homogenization.
· Shotblasting is done after heat treatment and also for mechanic descaling.
The shot blasting is done in two ways:
Wheel blasting: It is a common and economical method. In thisprocess, the electric motor energy is converted into kinetic energy by rotatinga turbine wheel. This is mostly used for treating heavy equipment. The turbine wheel works here as a centrifugal pump and it delivers the abrasive by centrifugal force on the surface.
Air blasting: In this method compressed is used and sprayed outthrough nozzles on the surface. This is mostly used for smallerequipment. Air blasting is comparatively expensive due to the use of steel frames and weldments.
After the cycle of shot blasting,shots are taken out by the air washing measure. The shot blasting machine workson the shot movement of a grating on the metal surface to improve surface completion. Thus, this mechanical technique relies upon the grating. For this, generally metal abrasive should be utilized.
Metal abrasives can provide the following benefits
· They can increase productivity by reducing maintenancecosts.
· Waste generation can be reduced to get betterquality of work.
· They cause less environmental pollution and alsothere is no risk to the operator’s health by using metal abrasive.
The main components of the shot blasting are:
· Blastwheel: The efficiency of the shot blasting machine depends on the qualityof wheels used. So one used to use a better quality of the wheel.
· Cabinet:Cabinet consists of dust and abrasive. The shot blastingcabinet is made up of steel material to secure strength. A dustcollector is mounted on the machine to prevent dust from entering the shopenvironment.
· Workhandling mechanism: The handling of parts depends on the quantity of theparts. Tumblast Shot Blasting Machines are used for large quantitiesand spinner hangers are used for heavier parts.
· Elevator:After the metallic shots hit the surface they fall into the hopper under themachine from which the elevator carries them to the separator at the upper part of the machine.
· Separator:The separator, separates contaminates, and the cleaned abrasive is fed into theshot turbine.
· Dustcollector: A dust collector system is used to release clean air. A properlydesigned and sized dust collector is preferred for shot blasting machines.
· Controland instrumentation: The starting and stopping of all operations depend onthe controls and instrumentation features of the shot blasting machines.
The shot blasting machine ismostly used in chemical industries, petroleum industries, Aerospace, Automobileindustry, Heavy engineering industry, Railways, Defense.
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